Status of Foam as a Liquid Blocking Agent in Porous Media: A Review

This article summarizes the state-of-the-art knowledge gained from field observations and laboratory studies regarding foam as a liquid controlling agent in porous media. Being least explored property of foam, its effect potential have often been overlooked or simply ignored. The aim with this review is therefore to demonstrate abilities that could block, reduce, delay, suppress, divert water flow As media, has for industrial processes involve fluid injections withdrawals geological formations, such improved/enhanced oil recovery (IOR/EOR), matrix-stimulation treatments, underground storage CO2, hydrogen, compressed-air natural gas withdrawal, geothermal energy, contaminated soil-groundwater remediation unwanted aquifer impacts. Improving utilization factor management these applications might result tremendous energic, economic, environmental incentives are worth pursuing. Specific focus given post-foam injection, which determines ultimate stability water-blocking capabilities treatment. Main parameters mechanisms can influence against injection/intrusion after generation placement assessed discussed. Unresolved issues highlighted, give recommendations further research field-scale operations.